Author Archives: Tom Foster

About Tom Foster

Tom Foster spends most of his time talking with managers and business owners. The conversations are about business lives and personal lives, goals, objectives and measuring performance. In short, transforming groups of people into teams working together. Sometimes we make great strides understanding this management stuff, other times it’s measured in very short inches. But in all of this conversation, there are things that we learn. This blog is that part of the conversation I can share. Often, the names are changed to protect the guilty, but this is real life inside of real companies.

Judgment of the Manager

“So, I get to set the deadline?” Torrey continued.

“Yes, that is one of the judgments a Manager has to make,” I replied. “As the Manager, you have the inside track on the context of the project, the importance of its schedule, the resources that have been budgeted, the quality of the raw materials, the facts of the working conditions, and the competence of the team. Only you have all these elements to consider.

“And that is why I hold you accountable for the progress of the project. I rely on your independent discretionary judgment to make that decision. Yes, you get to set the deadline.”
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Working Leadership Online kicks off next Monday. Register Now.
Feb 2 – Goal Setting and Time Span (2 weeks)
Feb 16 – Delegation (2 weeks)
Mar 2 – Planning (2 weeks)
Mar 16 – Decision Making (2 weeks)
Mar 30 – Control Systems and Feedback Loops (2 weeks)
We have 8 week subscriptions and annual subscriptions.

Misunderstandings, Project Delays and Overruns

Today begins the Orientation for our Working Leadership Online program. Those who have registered will receive their program codes later today. Next Monday, we will begin our first subject area on Setting Goals and Time Span.

We will continue registration throughout this week, so if you have an interest, please follow this link.

Setting Goals seems so elementary, it would be easy to overlook. Perhaps that is why so few goals get written down. And it wasn’t until my understanding of Elliott Jaques research on Time Span that I began to see Setting Goals in a new light.

A goal is simply a What by When. For some reason, we always seem to focus on the What without understanding the importance of by When.

It is this lack of focus on by When that causes misunderstandings, missed priorities, project delays and overruns. This lack of focus causes procrastination and our inability to manage the complexity involved in longer Time Span tasks.

“Who decides the by When of a task?” asked Torrey.

“The Manager,” I replied.

“But what if my team tells me they cannot meet the deadline?”

“It is the responsibility of the team to tell you that. And the sooner they are able to tell you, the sooner you, as the Manager can make the adjustment.”

“You mean, move the deadline?”

“No. If the deadline is important (not arbitrary), then you, as the Manager, must make adjustments. And these are decisions that only you can make. You might bring in more manpower, allocate more machine time, authorize overtime. None of those decisions can be made by your team. Only you, as the Manager, have that authority.”
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Join us for Working Leadership Online.
Feb 2 – Goal Setting and Time Span (2 weeks)
Feb 16 – Delegation (2 weeks)
Mar 2 – Planning (2 weeks)
Mar 16 – Decision Making (2 weeks)
Mar 30 – Control Systems and Feedback Loops (2 weeks)
We have 8 week subscriptions and annual subscriptions.

Cycle Time

“You said there were four elements in the goal that I had to look at,” Denise reminded. “I have to look at the quantity required, the quality standard, the resources I have and what else?”

“What else is missing?” I replied. “And this element may be the most important element.”

Denise looked up and to the left.

“How long does it take for one cycle to go through your system?” I asked.

“Time,” she nodded. “Time span. How could I forget about time span?”
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Working Leadership Online is open for registration. Orientation starts next Monday

Limited Resources

“There are four elements to every goal,” I explained. “You correctly identified two of those elements, the quantity required and the quality standard. But there are two more elements.”

Denise looked up, eyes open.

“You may have to add or modify steps in your system based on the resources that you have available.”

Denise looked down at the picture of her system. Her pencil went to circle number seven. “Yep,” she said. “Here we have to move some of the finished pieces to a temporary storage bin because, sometimes, we don’t have enough people to do the next step.”

“So, because of the limit in your resources, you have added a temporary storage step in your system?”

“Yes, and you know, it’s only because the machine that produces step number six can produce about ten times the parts that we actually need running through our system.”

“How do you know it’s ten times the part you need?” I asked.

“All I have to do is look at the goal,” Denise smiled.
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Working Leadership Online is open for registration. Orientation starts next Monday.

A Good Start

“We have looked at two things, eliminating and simplifying,” I started. “To understand what you can eliminate and what you can simplify, you have to ask what is necessary?”

Denise nodded.

“What do we have to look at to decide what is necessary?” I continued.

Denise looked down at the picture of circles of her system. “The goal,” she replied. “Only when I understand the quantity of production, and the quality standard, can I determine what is necessary.”

“It’s a good start,” I nodded. “But there are two more things about the goal that you have to think about.” -TF
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Working Leadership Online is open for registration. Orientation starts next Monday.

Looking at the Goal

Her pencil turned over and she erased some of the marks in the picture of her system.

“It’s funny, as I look at some of the steps in this system,” Denise explained, “I remember we put them in because it just seemed like a good idea. But when I look at the goal, especially the quality standard, I can see two steps that are not necessary.”

“How long ago did you create those steps?” I asked.

“Three years ago. One is a part that we buff up, makes it shiny. It gives you the impression that it is a higher quality part. It’s not, it’s just shiny. Then we put it inside the unit, so no one ever sees it again.”

“Why did you make a decision like that in the first place?”

“Four years ago, we had some failures in the field. The service techs would take the unit apart and then badmouth the “low quality” of the part. The failure had nothing to do with the part, but with a seal that was leaking.”

“And when you buffed up the part, what happened?”

Denise smiled. “Well, we fixed the leaky seal about the same time, but we actually got feedback from the field telling us they were happy that we started using higher quality parts. They were the same parts, just shiny.”

“So, someone does see the parts?”

“Not anymore. We have only had three failures in the past two years over 300,000 units. We don’t fix them anymore. With only three failures, it’s cheaper to replace the whole unit. We don’t have to train a field technician to take it apart.”

“So, we can simplify the system by looking at the goal?” -TF
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Working Leadership Online is now open for registration. You can learn more about the program or register here. Orientation starts next Monday.

Draw a Simple Picture

“I don’t know,” Denise delayed, mulling things over in her mind. “How do you just make something simpler?”

“It calls for a bit of analysis,” I replied. “Tell me about a simple process that your team does on a repetitive basis, something with several steps that they do over and over.”

Denise nodded and began to describe a system, with thirteen steps. On step number three, I stopped her.

“I want you to draw a simple picture, a series of circle, each circle representing a step in your system. And draw a line between each of the circles.”

I watched as she turned the paper to get all the circles on one page, carefully labeling each of the thirteen steps.

“Now what?” she asked.

“Now, ask which of these steps is necessary to achieve the goal.”

“The goal?”

“Yes, I want you to add one more circle and describe the goal, the quantity we want to produce at the quality standard necessary.”

Denise drew an empty circle and I could see the churn in her mind. As soon as she wrote something in the goal circle, I could see her make mental connections to the other circles.
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Pre-registration for Working Leadership Online ends today. You can still register this week, but you will lose the $50 pre-registration credit after today. Orientation begins next Monday. Pre-register here.

You Can’t Cut Your Way Out

“You have worked very hard to eliminate things that are no longer (or never were) necessary,” I added.

Denise nodded. She was listening and thinking.

“You cannot cut your way out of this. Your next step is to simplify. Look around you. What methods and processes should be simplified? What happens to methods that become simpler?”

Denise was slow to respond. Her focus had been on eliminating things. “When we simplify something, it takes fewer steps, it can be done quicker,” she replied.

“Business is not too complicated. Find a customer need (that they are willing to pay for). Make sure there is a market large enough to sustain a business. Then find ways to fill that need faster, better and at a lower cost than your competitor. Simplifying a method or process makes it faster and often lowers its cost.” -TF
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Working Leadership Online Schedule
January 26 – Orientation
February 2 – Goal Setting and Time
February 16 – Decision Making
March 2 – Planning
March 16 – Delegation

To find out more about this program and to pre-register, visit www.workingleadership.com.

The Thinking That Got Us Here

“It’s a lot of change,” Denise concluded. “I know I have to be calm and make my decisions with both my head and my heart.”

“Denise, this is not all sad,” I replied. “I know this is difficult to let go of things we have built, but those are things of the past. Yes, it’s change, but some change is necessary.”

Denise looked up, taking a fresh breath, slowly exhaling.

“Look,” I continued. “I expect massive innovation, and not just in technology. I expect innovation in methods and processes. I expect innovation in business models. You are correct, this will not be business as usual, but business as usual got us into this mess. The thinking that got us here will not be the thinking that takes us to a new place.” -TF
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Working Leadership Online Schedule
January 26 – Orientation
February 2 – Goal Setting and Time
February 16 – Decision Making
March 2 – Planning
March 16 – Delegation

To find out more about this program and to pre-register, visit www.workingleadership.com.

State of Fear

“I don’t know,” Denise continued. “If we are really going to be down another 20 percent in revenue, we are going to have to take some steps that I don’t want to take. This is the hardest thing I have ever had to do with my company. I can usually take things in stride, but I can tell this is affecting me. I am not a stressed out person, but I can feel this.”

“It is easy to get hung up in this market,” I replied. “You think your business is contracting because you did something wrong. This is no different than adding headcount and buying equipment when the market is growing, except we are having to reduce headcount and idle equipment when the market is contracting.”

“I know, but it feels bad.”

“Feeling bad is not going to help. I know it is difficult to imagine, but think about the worst thing that could possibly happen.”

Denise glanced sideways at me.

“Seriously,” I insisted. “What is the worst thing that could happen? Now, accept it.”

Denise’s stare became intense.

“The stress you feel is because you cannot imagine the worst. It puts you in a state of fear. When you can accept the worst, you can take positive steps to improve your position. Not from a state of fear, but from a state of acceptance.” -TF
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Working Leadership Online Schedule
January 26 – Orientation
February 2 – Goal Setting and Time
February 16 – Decision Making
March 2 – Planning
March 16 – Delegation

To find out more about this program and to pre-register, visit www.workingleadership.com.