Author Archives: Tom Foster

About Tom Foster

Tom Foster spends most of his time talking with managers and business owners. The conversations are about business lives and personal lives, goals, objectives and measuring performance. In short, transforming groups of people into teams working together. Sometimes we make great strides understanding this management stuff, other times it’s measured in very short inches. But in all of this conversation, there are things that we learn. This blog is that part of the conversation I can share. Often, the names are changed to protect the guilty, but this is real life inside of real companies.

Goals Without Deadlines?

From our Working Leadership Online program:

Question:
I need help with my field work. I met with my manager to discuss my goals. I can list several specific goals that are interrelated but my issue is that they are mostly on-going. It is difficult to nail down the Time Span.

For example, my biggest goal is to manage the backlog so that we maintain 100% Due Date Performance. This goal, like most of mine, will never be complete. My goals are measured daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, and annually. However, they are dynamic and I am struggling to put them in QQTR (Quantity, Quality, Time, Resources) terms.

Response:
In many environments, your work may not be project oriented with specific due dates. In some cases, the Time Span connection has more to do with evaluation periods. In your case, you describe daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly and annual Time Spans.

I am most interested in the longest Time Span goals, or those goals which are judged in longer Time Spans. I am certain you look at metrics on a daily, weekly and monthly basis to capture data so you can make adjustments. Those short term metrics measure production performance. And production performance is important.

But, for you, as a Manager, I am looking for those longer Time Span goals, not measuring Production units, but measuring your system that drives Production. I am looking for metrics about your system and the way it manages efficiency, throughput, scrap, waste, safety, slowdown and acceleration to meet order flow.

Let me take a stab in my imagination.

Prior to the end of each year (Time Span), the Due Date Performance of our backlog will be measured for the previous 12 month period. During that time, the average on-time delivery will deviate no more than 5% from the specified Due Dates.

As time goes by, that 5% goal might be reduced to 4%, then 3%, then 2%, then 1%, then 0%.

Or, if due dates are always consistent and more accurately described as lead times, your goal for a twelve month period might be to reduce the lead time delivery for every order from 40(?) days to 30(?) days. or even shorter.

In your position, as manager, I am not looking for production goals with one or two day Time Spans, but performance measured in longer Time Spans that would indicate production systems maintenance, or production systems improvement.

Let me know if this helps. By the way, thinking about goals, in this way, is different than you may have ever thought about. But, then, that’s the point. To think about your role in a new way. -TF

Goals Don’t Stay the Same

Krista had a sheepish look on her face when I asked to see her list of goals for the next three months.

“I don’t really have a list,” she said. “I mean, I know what I am supposed to do. I keep it in my head.”

“Then how do you organize your list, if you don’t have it written down? How do you share your goals with other people? How do you change and update them? Most importantly, how do you make decisions about goals?”

“Well, when I started this job, my manager explained things to me. I had a job description and I signed off on it. Is that what you mean?”

“How long ago was that?” I asked.

“About two and half years ago,” she replied.

“Your customers have changed, your market has changed, technology has changed, regulations in your industry have changed, your team has changed. Do mean that your goals have NOT changed in two and half years?”
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The option of learning online at my convenience is a great benefit. The course was excellent – I learned many things that I can apply as a manager. -Arlene Breitkreuz

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No Unimportant Goal

“I think I need some tips on Time Management,” explained Krista. “I mean, I know I have to set priorities and stuff, but sometimes the day just gets out of hand. I keep my team busy, but you know what they say. The harder we work the behinder we get.”

“How do you make decisions on what to do next, or what to leave behind, what to make faster and what to double-check?” I asked.

“I don’t know. It seems like any ball we drop comes back to haunt us.”

“Indeed,” I replied. “In the grand scheme, it all has to get done. No goal can be cast aside.

“So, how do you decide?” Krista insisted.

“Let me see your list of goals for the next three months. You are a manager. You certainly have a list?” -TF
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This program is anti-matter to today’s barage of costly management solutions. The program covered a great deal of critical leadership material that managers can immediately benefit from. -Cathy Darby

Working Leadership Online. Register Now.
Feb 2 – Goal Setting and Time Span (2 weeks)
Feb 16 – Delegation (2 weeks)
Mar 2 – Planning (2 weeks)
Mar 16 – Decision Making (2 weeks)
Mar 30 – Control Systems and Feedback Loops (2 weeks)
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We have 8 week subscriptions and annual subscriptions.

Some Goals Are Noble

I want to step outside the stories for a couple of days and talk about a few things we are doing here. Management Skills Blog is in its fifth year with more than 1000 posts talking about issues faced by managers.

Over the years we have been working on an interactive platform that kicks off today. Those of you from my workshops know about the research of Elliott Jaques. His concepts of Requisite Organization will be the cornerstone of this new platform. Today, a group jumps in with both feet.

We start with Goals. Everything we do, as a person, is goal directed behavior. Our daily lives are filled with “what by whens.” Sometimes we are aware of our goals, sometimes our goals are so routine that we don’t even notice. Yet our days are full of goals.

Some goals are noble, some not so noble. Some goals are driven by needs, some driven by desire, some driven by avoidance.

And there are times, plenty of times, when we are most definitely aware of our goals. We think about them, share them with others, change them, write them down and achieve them. Everything we do starts with a goal.
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Working Leadership Online kicks off today. Register Now.
Feb 2 – Goal Setting and Time Span (2 weeks)
Feb 16 – Delegation (2 weeks)
Mar 2 – Planning (2 weeks)
Mar 16 – Decision Making (2 weeks)
Mar 30 – Control Systems and Feedback Loops (2 weeks)
We have 8 week subscriptions and annual subscriptions.

Uncertainty of Events

Torrey took a long breath. “So, I am responsible for the output of my team members?”

“That is what I will hold you accountable for,” I replied.

“Even if they get sick, or a machine breaks down, or materials are late,” Torrey was looking for a way out.

I nodded my head. “Torrey, the reason we selected you for this project, is that you have been successful on other projects, six months in length. I expect you to manage the uncertainty of events that could happen and will happen during a project of this Time Span. I expect you to make contingency plans, schedule redundancy where it’s appropriate, inspect for quality, anticipate schedule changes, vacations and prevent accidents. I don’t expect you to make excuses. I expect you to anticipate, modify, readjust and meet the deadline.” -TF
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Working Leadership Online kicks off next Monday. Register Now.
Feb 2 – Goal Setting and Time Span (2 weeks)
Feb 16 – Delegation (2 weeks)
Mar 2 – Planning (2 weeks)
Mar 16 – Decision Making (2 weeks)
Mar 30 – Control Systems and Feedback Loops (2 weeks)
We have 8 week subscriptions and annual subscriptions.

Heading Off Excuses

“Don’t you think you are being a little hard on me?” Torrey floated.

“Not at all. I am just heading off the excuses I expect to hear when your team doesn’t meet your goal,” I replied.

“My goal. But it’s not really my goal,” Torrey protested. “It’s the team’s goal.”

“No, the project goal is your goal. It is you, the Manager, that I hold accountable for the project goal. Regarding your team, I only expect them to do their best.”

“But, but,” Torrey sputtered.

“But, what? You signed off on the project budget, based on the resources and the schedule. You signed off on the Goal, the What by When. I will judge your effectiveness, to manage the project resources and the schedule along the Time Span of this project.”
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Working Leadership Online kicks off next Monday. Register Now.
Feb 2 – Goal Setting and Time Span (2 weeks)
Feb 16 – Delegation (2 weeks)
Mar 2 – Planning (2 weeks)
Mar 16 – Decision Making (2 weeks)
Mar 30 – Control Systems and Feedback Loops (2 weeks)
We have 8 week subscriptions and annual subscriptions.

Replacing a Manager’s Judgment

“But what if I consider all those things, materials, conditions and the competence of my team, and I set the deadline, and we still miss it. Maybe the team didn’t work hard enough?” Torrey floated.

“That may be possible, but I rarely find that is the case,” I replied. “Let me ask you this question. Is your team doing their best?”

Torrey sat back. “Well, I guess so.”

“What do you mean, you guess? It is your responsibility to know precisely whether your team is doing their best.”

“Yes, I know. That’s why we put in a bonus program, so that if the project meets the deadline, then the team gets a bonus.”

“So, you are still telling me that you, as the Manager are not able to judge whether your team is doing their best. You have replaced yourself with a phony bonus program, withholding compensation because you cannot make that judgment.”
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Working Leadership Online kicks off next Monday. Register Now.
Feb 2 – Goal Setting and Time Span (2 weeks)
Feb 16 – Delegation (2 weeks)
Mar 2 – Planning (2 weeks)
Mar 16 – Decision Making (2 weeks)
Mar 30 – Control Systems and Feedback Loops (2 weeks)
We have 8 week subscriptions and annual subscriptions.

Judgment of the Manager

“So, I get to set the deadline?” Torrey continued.

“Yes, that is one of the judgments a Manager has to make,” I replied. “As the Manager, you have the inside track on the context of the project, the importance of its schedule, the resources that have been budgeted, the quality of the raw materials, the facts of the working conditions, and the competence of the team. Only you have all these elements to consider.

“And that is why I hold you accountable for the progress of the project. I rely on your independent discretionary judgment to make that decision. Yes, you get to set the deadline.”
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Working Leadership Online kicks off next Monday. Register Now.
Feb 2 – Goal Setting and Time Span (2 weeks)
Feb 16 – Delegation (2 weeks)
Mar 2 – Planning (2 weeks)
Mar 16 – Decision Making (2 weeks)
Mar 30 – Control Systems and Feedback Loops (2 weeks)
We have 8 week subscriptions and annual subscriptions.

Misunderstandings, Project Delays and Overruns

Today begins the Orientation for our Working Leadership Online program. Those who have registered will receive their program codes later today. Next Monday, we will begin our first subject area on Setting Goals and Time Span.

We will continue registration throughout this week, so if you have an interest, please follow this link.

Setting Goals seems so elementary, it would be easy to overlook. Perhaps that is why so few goals get written down. And it wasn’t until my understanding of Elliott Jaques research on Time Span that I began to see Setting Goals in a new light.

A goal is simply a What by When. For some reason, we always seem to focus on the What without understanding the importance of by When.

It is this lack of focus on by When that causes misunderstandings, missed priorities, project delays and overruns. This lack of focus causes procrastination and our inability to manage the complexity involved in longer Time Span tasks.

“Who decides the by When of a task?” asked Torrey.

“The Manager,” I replied.

“But what if my team tells me they cannot meet the deadline?”

“It is the responsibility of the team to tell you that. And the sooner they are able to tell you, the sooner you, as the Manager can make the adjustment.”

“You mean, move the deadline?”

“No. If the deadline is important (not arbitrary), then you, as the Manager, must make adjustments. And these are decisions that only you can make. You might bring in more manpower, allocate more machine time, authorize overtime. None of those decisions can be made by your team. Only you, as the Manager, have that authority.”
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Join us for Working Leadership Online.
Feb 2 – Goal Setting and Time Span (2 weeks)
Feb 16 – Delegation (2 weeks)
Mar 2 – Planning (2 weeks)
Mar 16 – Decision Making (2 weeks)
Mar 30 – Control Systems and Feedback Loops (2 weeks)
We have 8 week subscriptions and annual subscriptions.

Cycle Time

“You said there were four elements in the goal that I had to look at,” Denise reminded. “I have to look at the quantity required, the quality standard, the resources I have and what else?”

“What else is missing?” I replied. “And this element may be the most important element.”

Denise looked up and to the left.

“How long does it take for one cycle to go through your system?” I asked.

“Time,” she nodded. “Time span. How could I forget about time span?”
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Working Leadership Online is open for registration. Orientation starts next Monday