Author Archives: Tom Foster

About Tom Foster

Tom Foster spends most of his time talking with managers and business owners. The conversations are about business lives and personal lives, goals, objectives and measuring performance. In short, transforming groups of people into teams working together. Sometimes we make great strides understanding this management stuff, other times it’s measured in very short inches. But in all of this conversation, there are things that we learn. This blog is that part of the conversation I can share. Often, the names are changed to protect the guilty, but this is real life inside of real companies.

Everything Else Must Go

From the Ask Tom mailbag:

Question:
How does one shrink their company and know what services or actions or processes to drop? If we’ve been doing things a certain way for a few years and now, cannot continue, yet our accounts/clients/customers are used to things a certain way – how do wean them off those things?

Response:
Your customers may be used to things a certain way, and they will soon become used to things in a new way. They are going through the same market strains, no surprises.

But how do you make those decisions. Finished cutting the fat, we now cut the muscle. What are those goods and services that will no longer be provided? What are those goods and services that must be retained?

What are those goods and services that create the profit that allows your company to survive this period. One of my clients could not imagine how to cut overhead lower than $700,000 per month. Today, that overhead is $70,000 per month. What has remained is ONLY those goods and services that customers are willing to pay for, in sufficient volume to create a profitable business. Everything else that is not necessary, must go.

There Isn’t Time in the Day

From the Ask Tom mailbag:

Question:
I agree that if you have a Stratum III manager covering a role for a missing Stratum II supervisor, it will only be a temporary fix, but what if we are truly in for a long dig out of this recession and the situation won’t change for a while?

Response:
Shades of the “new normal?”

Every minute the manager is being a supervisor is a minute spent away from systems work. The good news is, with lower volume, there will be lower pressure on your systems. Even still, you face the dilemma of a manager with less challenge.

So, take advantage of the situation on two fronts. Time Span can help break down Stratum II supervisory tasks into Stratum I contributions. This will be an opportunity to find your Stratum I team leaders who have the capability to grow into Stratum II supervisors over the next few years.

The other front is true Stratum III systems work. During this period, with less pressure on your systems, your manager, even while covering supervisory tasks, should take advantage of this time to find system efficiencies. Lean initiatives, identifying constraints, reviewing sequence, eliminating unnecessary elements.

But, there isn’t time in the day?

I remember something my father told me as a student in college. “Son, if you can’t handle a full course-load and a part time job, then maybe you don’t deserve to go to college.”

Temporary Discipline

From the Ask Tom mailbag:

Question:
Using Elliott Jaques, Requisite Organization, I can see that we let go two important supervisors earlier this summer. We didn’t have a choice. Our business volume is down and it was necessary to lay them off. The managers in those departments now have daily and weekly responsibilities for production output. They now have to work directly with the production teams. As I look at things now, to me, this looks like the “new normal.” I don’t know if I will ever go back. In fact, we are looking at a couple of other supervisor positions if things don’t turn up.

Response:
Having a manager cover a supervisor role on a temporary basis may be necessary. Requisite Organization helps us understand the difference between the two roles and it helps us understand why this can only be a temporary solution.

We can all accommodate situations for a short period of time and in these times, it is necessary. Long term, however, your manager will become bored with those supervisor responsibilities, attention to detail will slip and you will have some dysfunction on your hands. And that will occur even at a lower volume level.

Your current situation may appear like the “new normal,” but things will change again. You need to discuss the temporary nature of these role assignments, and acknowledge the short Time Span nature of the goals. Also talk about the temporary discipline that will be necessary during this time, to monitor checklists, create schedules and conduct production meetings. That’s what supervisors do.

Also understand, that while your manager is playing the role of the supervisor, your systems are being neglected. If your systems are strong, you will survive this, but you still need to have periodic “system checks” to make sure they are still working.

Jaques and Necessity

From the Ask Tom mailbag:

Question:
Let’s say I buy into Elliott Jaques model of Requisite Organization. But I have a small company. As you describe the layers in the organization, it is clear that I am missing some key roles. But in this recession, I have to stick to a personnel budget. I cannot afford to hire the people necessary to fill all the roles.

Response:
If you were thinking about purchasing a machine, a major expensive machine, for your operations, and you were concerned about budget, how would you make that decision?

Actually, it doesn’t matter whether you are concerned about budget, the answer is still the same. You would purchase the machine only if it were necessary for the operation. I don’t know of a single business owner or manager who would put something in place unless it was necessary.

I use necessity as a driver for many decisions. Is that machine necessary? Is that role necessary? If your business model requires a role, yet your budget will not allow the hire, then you have to modify your business model.

Rather than questioning the validity of organizational roles and layers, let Elliott’s model help you understand what is missing and what modifications you might have to make until your company gets back in the zone of profitability and growth. You will get there faster.

Straight and Sensitive

We had a comment posted yesterday that I thought was particularly insightful.

Michael Cardus, of Create Learning wrote:

This is a game we all play games within our workplace, we are programmed to play these work games.

“We cannot promise future employment” creates a counter-play. The organization plays the same game with employees, “things are not good, layoffs are happening all around you and the executives have had secret meeting at expensive resorts, and we cannot guarantee you will have a job tomorrow. BUT we still want you to work hard and get the job done.”

What is one supposed to do?

Response:
The reality is tough. It’s tough because of the uncertainty. And because of the uncertainty, we try to cope as best we can. Game playing is a coping mechanism that we think is helping, protecting and delaying. In reality, it just creates a bigger game.

What is one supposed to do?

Pat Murray talks about being straight and sensitive. I don’t see any other way.

Vicious Cycle

“What’s the game?” I asked.

“It’s not a game,” Marcus assured. “We can’t promise anything about future employment, and we have to make sure all the work gets done. I can’t have someone on my team cornering all the work, looking busy, while the rest of the team sits idle.”

“What’s the game?” I repeated.

Marcus took in a deep breath. “Hiding all the work, so you look busy, while others sit idle. Meantime, project are getting behind because only one person is working.”

“But, it’s not a game?” I confirmed.

“Okay, okay, it IS a game,” Marcus relented. “But, it shouldn’t be a game. I just don’t know how to stop the vicious cycle.”

Looking Busy

“What have you told them about future layoffs?” I asked.

“You know we can’t make any promises. We let two more people go last month, even though we thought we were through with reductions,” Marcus replied.

“So, they may ignore what you say and watch only what you do?”

Marcus grimaced. “Okay, I get that. Everyone is still concerned for their job. But, at the same time, we need to spread the work out to make sure it all gets done. I can’t have one or two people cornering all the projects, or hiding work that needs to be done, just to make sure they can look busy.”

“What has to change to make that happen?”

Old Habits Die Hard

“I don’t understand,” complained Marcus. “I got this new guy on the team. We have been running pretty lean for the past eight months and I knew we needed some more help, so we got some more help. But he’s not helping. As a matter of fact, people are complaining about him.”

“What’s the story?” I asked.

“We cut our admin staff last February, assigned all the tasks around to make sure we could still get all the work out. Our volume is picking up a little (at last), and I am afraid if we don’t get another person cross trained, we are going to start getting behind.”

“Maybe they are just taking their time warming up to the new person,” I suggested.

Marcus moved his head from side to side. “No, it’s like they are hording the work. No one will let anything go. Old habits die hard. The level of trust is pretty low. Even though we added a person, my team still thinks they could get laid off.”
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We still have a couple of scholarships to Working Leadership Online, Time Span and Accountability. If you would like to participate, please respond to Ask Tom.

Time Span and Accountability

Just exactly what is a manager accountable for?

This is not a production job, there is no direct output. Production is only accomplished through other people. So, what are the four managerial authorities? And what are the four managerial accountabilities?

On Monday, Working Leadership Online, kicks off its next series.

  • Sep 14Managerial Authorities – Time Span and Accountability
  • Oct 5Managerial Authorities – Time Span and Hiring Talent
  • Oct 26Time Span and the Performance Effectiveness Appraisal

If you would like a free login to this series, we are opening (10) scholarships. If you would like to participate, please respond to Ask Tom.

Not a Question of Balance

From the Ask Tom mailbag:

Question:
I am trying to balance between when to fire someone and when to keep them on, because they know so much and it would take awhile to train someone new. It seems easier to keep them than to pray the new person will pick up what they need to know to do the position. Or if I know I am going to fire that person, how do I get them to impart the knowledge they have, into system write ups, without them thinking I am going to fire them? I hope this makes sense.

Response:
It makes perfect sense. The perfect sense is that you have a low trust environment and there are a lot of games going on.

First. When did you allow your methods and processes to be developed and not documented? Standard operating procedures are created for the reason you describe. Don’t wait until you have a problem. Start now. Involve your team in the process. You might see changes in behavior when you focus them on “best practices.”

Second. When did you decide that new team members should just “pick up” what they need to know? What happened to your orientation and training program?

This is not a question of balance. This is a question of appropriate managerial leadership practices. The good news is that you can start today, to make the necessary changes.

Next Monday is the Labor Day holiday in the US. See you all next Tuesday. -TF