Author Archives: Tom Foster

About Tom Foster

Tom Foster spends most of his time talking with managers and business owners. The conversations are about business lives and personal lives, goals, objectives and measuring performance. In short, transforming groups of people into teams working together. Sometimes we make great strides understanding this management stuff, other times it’s measured in very short inches. But in all of this conversation, there are things that we learn. This blog is that part of the conversation I can share. Often, the names are changed to protect the guilty, but this is real life inside of real companies.

Whose Head is Working on the Problem?

Greetings from Boston, MA. Making a quick trip up the East Coast, then out to San Diego. Eight workshops this week on my favorite subject. Elliott Jaques and his research on Time Span.
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“How big was your company five years ago, and how big is it now?” I asked. “And what have been the growing pains getting here?”

“It’s people,” Jonas replied, “always people.” Jonas runs a small company with 80 people, up from 40 five years ago.

“How so? People is a pretty generic response.”

“Well, when we were small, it was a struggle just to get the work done. Now, we have plenty of horsepower, we have even documented our processes, but things are more complicated. Sometimes we hit a home run. Other times, we simply drop the ball. I think it boils down to communication problems. People don’t seem to talk to each other when they need to. Our supervisors seem to worry about their own little area and just assume the other departments will pick up the pieces. Well, they don’t!”

“How much is this costing you?” I probed.

“I can’t really put a number on it. The margin gets lost in rework, delays and idle time. You know, when we have people scheduled to work, but no work stacked in the queue. Or we have too much work scheduled for Thursday and Friday, so we end up with overtime on Saturday.”

“How have you tried to fix it?”

“I don’t know, I get all my supervisors together and they say they have it under control, but the next day, there is some big snafu.”

“Do you think, maybe, you have the wrong heads working on the problem?” -TF

Why Do I Give Two Hoots?

“And there is nothing wrong with Performance-Reward (Work=Paycheck). It is the contract that we make with employees. They show up each day and do their best in exchange for the agreed-upon compensation.” To support their continued growth, companies should also consider offering corporate skills training.

Helen looked down, picturing something.

“I know you see yourself as a Motivator,” I continued. “And here is why Motivation is so important for managers.

“I asked you before, if I was getting the Performance I wanted, as a Manager, why did I give two hoots whether it was Motivation or Manipulation (Performance-Reward). Here is why.

Performance-Reward requires you, the Manager, to be present, either physically present or present-by-threat, meaning, you will be back to check on things. So, Performance-Reward requires the proximity of the Manager.

“Secondly, the duration of the behavior is short, happens only to the specification required to get the reward. And if something happens to threaten that reward, diminish that reward, delay that reward, the performance stops.

“And that’s why Motivation is so important. As a Manager, we need sustained performance even when we are not around. We need more than Performance-Reward.” -TF
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Our next Leadership program in Fort Lauderdale kicks off next Wednesday, November 7. For more information, visit www.workingleadership.com.

Performance-Reward

“I just don’t like to think of myself as a Manipulator,” Helen decried. “I want to believe that, as a Manager, I am perceived as a Motivator.”

“Great cover-up, isn’t it?” I smiled. “Listen, Helen, I am not suggesting that you do things, as a Manager, through deceit and trickery. What I am saying is, don’t fool yourself (11th commandment). Most of what we do is Performance-Reward or Underperformance-Reprimand, external inducements to get desired behavior.

“So, tell me, Helen, is manipulation necessarily a bad thing?”

Helen paused. “I just don’t like it. It doesn’t sound good.”

“Have you ever been working on a project, where you needed everyone to stay an extra half hour, to staple and bind all the reports, or to get a truck loaded with an emergency shipment to a customer; a situation where you needed just that extra bit of effort? So you tell everyone that you are ordering in a pizza, if they would just stay on for the half hour?”

“Well, sure, it happens, but what’s wrong with that?” Helen replied, then chuckled. “It’s a good thing my team likes pizza.”

“Exactly, just understand it is Performance-Reward. It is NOT Motivation.” -TF
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Our next Leadership program in Fort Lauderdale kicks off next Wednesday, November 7. For more information, visit www.workingleadership.com.

Manipulation

Helen’s face dropped. Her smile extinguished.

My words, “Sounds like manipulation to me,” rang in her ears.

“But, but, what do you mean?” she gasped, not in desperation, but surprise.

“I mean, most of the things we do as Managers, fall in line with manipulation. We create expectations of performance, we get the performance, the team member gets a reward.

“Or more clearly, we create expectations, if we don’t get the performance, the team member gets reprimanded. Either way you look at it, most of what we do as Managers, is manipulation.” -TF

Behavior That Gets Rewarded

“Well, I certainly don’t manipulate my team members,” Helen insisted. “I like to think that I motivate them to get the work done.”

“Tell me, how do you do that?” I asked.

“Well, I think it begins on their first day at work. Our orientation does a really good job of explaining to them our philosophy as a company, our mission in the marketplace, where we standout against our competitors. Then, everyone, no matter what their role, goes through a pretty intensive training program, to make sure they have the skills they need to be successful. In my opinion, it’s pretty motivational.”

“How so?” I probe.

“Once they come out of training, they have to pass some competency tests, to make sure they actually have the skills they need. If they do that, they immediately get a pay rate increase, from training pay to Pay Band I. Our training pay is just above minimum wage. Pay Band I is calculated based on their actual role, their job description. It’s beginner’s pay, but it’s a step up, so immediately, they are rewarded for their efforts.”

“So, if they successfully complete their training program, they receive a reward in the form of a pay increase?”

“Yes,” Helen replied, smiling and nodding.

“Sounds like manipulation to me,” I observed. -TF

Carrot or Stick?

“So, what’s the difference between motivation and manipulation?” I asked.

“My kid is in the back seat of the car, and I ask him to put on his seat belt. I tell him that if he puts it on, we will go get ice cream as a reward.

“What is it? Motivation or manipulation?” The class sits on the question. Several want to leap out of their chairs with the answer, but they know it will make them a target for the discussion.

“My kid is in the back seat of the car, and I ask him to put on his seat belt. I tell him that if he doesn’t put it on, he won’t be able to play on the computer tonight.

“What is it? Motivation or manipulation?”-TF
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Our next Leadership class in Fort Lauderdale kicks off November 7, 2007. For more information, visit www.workingleadership.com.

My Contribution

“Oh, man, they did it again!” exclaimed Ralph, covering his face.

“And how did you help them screw up?” I asked.

Ralph peeked between his fingers. “What do you mean? I didn’t have any part in this.”

“I know, I know,” I agreed. “But if you did contribute to the problem, what was it?”

Ralph started to chuckle, hands now propped on his hips. “Well, if I did have a hand in this, it was picking this group of knuckleheads in the first place. And I probably didn’t explain what needed to happen very well.”

“Indeed. As a manager, before we jump to blame the team, it is always important to ask the question.

“How did I contribute to the problem?

“The Manager is usually at the core of what went wrong.” -TF

Even Loading

So, here is how Brent and I worked the Weekly Time Budget Planning sheet.

It is really a very simple spreadsheet, but very powerful in what it can do for you, IF you have the discipline to complete it and review it. It takes about 10 minutes a week to do a good job with it.

There is a column for the Client or Project Name, then a column for the description of the task. Then a column for each day of the week and a total column on the end.

You can total at the bottom of each day with a Grand Total in the bottom right hand corner. That’s it. The Planner shows which days you are over (or under) loaded, and if you simply have too many hours for the week.

Let’s say your target is 45 hours per week and when you are finished with the planner it shows 53 hours. You have two choices. Prioritize something off the list, or delegate it.

The best part is that you know a week ahead of time so you can respond without breaking a sweat.
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If you would like a copy of Brent’s Weekly Time Budget Planner, just reply to this email or follow the link to Ask Tom and I will email you one.

Weekly Planner

Weekly Time Budget Planner

Brent wasn’t sure he heard me right. I know he was expecting some sympathy for all of his long hours.

“Your long hours are not because you are working hard,” I said. “Your long hours are because you didn’t budget your time.”

He tried the puppy dog look. “But I don’t know exactly how much work there is to do until it piles up on me,” he protested.

“That’s BS,” I responded. “If you would sit down and think about your week coming up, you would find that 95 percent of it is totally predictable.”

“Well, I have a TO DO list, if that’s what you mean.”

“No, I am talking about a Weekly Time Budget. I am going to email you a Weekly Time Budget Planner. It’s one page. Spreadsheet format. Let’s meet tomorrow afternoon and plan your Time Budget for next week.” -TF
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If you would like a copy of Brent’s Weekly Time Budget Planner, just reply to this email or follow the link to Ask Tom and I will email you one.

All of a Sudden, It Happens

I had a hot tip to stop by and visit with Brent. As I entered his office, I noticed his eyes were sunk in. It was Friday, but he didn’t look like he was ready for the weekend.

“You look like crap,” I observed. “When did you get here this morning?”

Brent sat up, a bit startled. “Oh, man,” he said. “I rolled in around 5:00a. I just had to get some stuff done.”

“And when did you leave last night?”

“Well, I got out of here about 9:45p. I don’t know what it is. This has been going on for the past three weeks. On Monday, things don’t look so bad, but come Thursday and Friday, the work just seems to pile up. I have worked the last three Saturdays and last week, had to come in on Sunday. Missed the football game.”

“So, this is not some special project. Just your regular work,” I inquired.

“Yeah, in fact, if I had known about it ahead of time, I could delegate some of it out and it would already be done. But I don’t know about some of this stuff until it’s too late, or don’t realize how long it is really going to take. All of sudden, the pile is stacked up and everyone has gone home. The work’s gotta get done.”

“Brent, what if?” I started. “Brent, what if I don’t believe you.” -TF